EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF Bryophyllum pinnatum LEAF EXTRACT IN PARACETAMOL INDUCED TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

Ogidi, Odangowei I; Orlu, Happiness Adaekwu; Poripo, Blessing Elohor

doi:10.30476/tips.2025.105055.1272

EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF Bryophyllum pinnatum LEAF EXTRACT IN PARACETAMOL INDUCED TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Bayelsa Medical University Yenagoa

² Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, River State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria

³ Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bayelsa Medical University Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

10.30476/tips.2025.105055.1272

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract in Wistar rats subjected to paracetamol-induced toxicity. Two treatment groups were established: one receiving 2g/kg paracetamol combined with either 200mg/kg or 400mg/kg of B. pinnatum leaf extract, and a standard control group receiving 2g/kg paracetamol with 200mg/kg of vitamin E, from a total of five groups of rats. The fifth group functioned as a standard control. Blood samples were collected from rats following the conclusion of their two-week treatment period to analyse biochemical parameters and liver function enzymes utilising standard kits. Paracetamol significantly increased liver enzymes compared to normal control: AST (135.48±5.11 vs 81.13±3.27 U/L), ALP (139.23±4.58 vs 90.29±4.96 U/L), ALT (127.36±4.98 vs 53.72±3.85 U/L), creatinine (2.05±0.22 vs 0.70±0.04 U/L), and LDH (40.35±3.02 vs 14.46±0.69 U/L) (all p<0.05). Treatment with 400mg/kg B. pinnatum extract significantly reduced these enzymes: AST (94.48±3.38 U/L), ALT (79.74±4.12 U/L), and LDH (15.36±0.64 U/L) (all p<0.05), with levels comparable to vitamin E treatment. Antioxidant parameters were significantly decreased in the paracetamol group compared to normal control: SOD (2.71±0.16 vs 7.67±0.38 U/mg protein), catalase (2.54±0.28 vs 6.45±0.44 U/mg protein), and GSH (2.77±0.12 vs 7.04±0.81 U/mg protein) (<0.05). MDA levels significantly increased (5.01±0.14 vs 2.78±0.20 U/mg protein, p<0.05). The 400mg/kg B. pinnatum significantly improved these parameters: SOD, catalase, GSH and MDA at p<0.05. B. pinnatum demonstrated significant hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities against paracetamol-induced toxicity in Wistar rats. These findings suggest potential therapeutic applications of B. pinnatum in managing drug-induced liver injury.

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